人教版2016届高三一轮英语复习资料 定语从句 讲 学生版

以下为《人教版2016届高三一轮英语复习资料 定语从句 讲 学生版》的无排版文字预览，完整格式请下载

下载前请仔细阅读文字预览以及下方图片预览。图片预览是什么样的，下载的文档就是什么样的。

必修2 Unit 1—2　定语从句

语法知识精讲

定语从句

一、考点梳理。

1.考查which/who(m)引导的非限制性定语从句

which引导非限制性定语从句，用以指代整个主句的内容，或主句中某个词或短语的内容。

【例】She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before.

A. them B. who C. whom D. these

【例】 By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself,_____can be very eye-opening and rewarding.

A. who B.which C.what D.that

【例】 Chan's restaurant on Baker Street,___________used to be poorly run, is now a successful business.

A. that B.which C.who D. where

2.考查as引导的非限制性定语从句

as也可指代整个主句的内容，但不同于which的是，它引导的定语从句既可以位于主句的前面，也可以位于主句的后面。它的意思是“正如”，as在这些从句中作主语或宾语。

【例】____I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.

A. When B.After C.As D. Since

【例】____is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.

A. Which B.When C.What D. As

3.考查由“介词十关系代词”引导的定语从句

“介词十关系代词”结构中的关系代词主要是which或whom，不能是that;其中的介词则要根据句子中的相关搭配来确定。

【例】 He was educated at the local high school, _________he went on to Beijing University.

A. after which B.after that C.in which D.in that

4.考查由...of which引导的定语从句

这类结构主要表示所属关系、同位关系或整体与部分的关系。

(1) It is reported that two schools,_____are being built in my hometown, will open next year.

A. they both B.which both C.both of them D. both of which

(2) We shouldn't spent our money testing so many people, most of_________are healthy.

A. that B.which C.what D. whom

5.考查由where，when，why引导的定语从句

关系副词where，when，why引导定语从句时，它们分别在从句中充当地点状语、时间状语和原因状语。

【例】Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity____sight matters more than hearing．

A. when B.whose C.which D. where

【例】The book was written in 1946, _________the education system has witnessed great changes.

A. when B.during which C.since then D. since when

6.考查whose引导的定语从句

此时要注意三点：(1) whose引导的定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成“whose+名词”；(2) whose引导的定语从句，其先行词不仅可以指人，还可以指物；(3) whose引导的定语从句指物时，可用of which代替whose，但词序不同，即whose+名词=the+名词+of which。

【例】Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from_____effects the people are still suffering.

A. that B.whose C.those D. what

【例】 George Orwell, _________was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays.

A. the real name B.what his real name

C. his real name D. whose real name

7.考查分隔式定语从句

即所考查的定语从句与先行词之间插有其他修饰语。做题时应撇开其中的修饰语，直接将先行词与定语从句联系起来。

【例】The film brought the hours back to me________I was taken good care of in that faraway village.

A. until B.that C.when D. where

【例】 It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year,________for the first time in years their team won the World Cup.

A. that B.while C.which D.when

8.考查关系词省略的限制性定语从句

能被省略的关系代词主要是用作宾语的that，which，whom，who等，且只限于限制性定语从句中。另外，the way后接定语从句修饰时，也可省略关系代词。

【例】--Why does she always ask you for help?

--There is no one else________,is there?

A. who to turn to . B.she can tum to

C. for whom to turn D. for her to turn

【例】 What surprised me was not what he said but_______he said it.

A. the way B. in the way that

C. in the way D. the way which

9.考查定语从句与其他知识点的综合运用

【例】 He is the only one of the students who________a winner of scholarship for three years.

A. is B.are C.have been D. has been

【例】 Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, ________I will always treasure.

A. that B.one C.it D. what

二、要点点拨

在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系代词或关系副词，关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as，关系副词有when, where, why。

一、关系词的基本用法

who 指人，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语

whom 指人，在从句中作宾语

whose 指人或物，在从句中作定语

that 指人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语

which 指物，在从句中作主语或宾语

as 指人、物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语

when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语

where 指地点，在从句中作地点状语

why 指原因，在从句中作原因状语

（1）The man (whom /who/that) my mother saw in the street is my teacher.

（2）The book which/ that tells us about the earth is interesting.

（3）She lives in a house whose windows faces south.

（4）Do you know the boy whose father is an English teacher?

（5）I have never heard such stories as he tells.

（6）I’ll never forget the day when /on which I joined the army.

（7）I won’t forget the factory where / in which my father worked.

（8）Tell me the reason why you came late.

二、必须用“that”引导的定语从句

1、当先行词是不定代词all，little, few, much, anything , everything, none, nothing, no one, some等时。

He did everything that he could to help us.

2、先行词被all, every, no , some, any , little, much, the only, the very, the right, last , few , just 等修饰时。

The only thing that we can do is to give you some advice.

3、先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，或先行词本身就是序数词或形容词最高级时。

This is the most interesting film that I’ve ever seen.

4、当先行时前有such 或the same修饰时，先行词和关系代词指同一物时。

She is wearing the same dress that she wore yesterday.

5、先行词既有人又有物时，

Later they talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.

6、当主句是以who或which开始时的特殊疑问句时，

Who is the boy that won the gold medal?

7、在同一个句子里，若有两个定语从句，其中一个关系词已用了which， 另一个宜用that.

Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.

8、当关系代词在从句中作表语时。（只限于限制性定语从句中）

China is no longer the country that it used to be.

9、当先行词是集体名词时，多用that，

He wants to join the team that won the game.

10、that在有些句型中可作为关系副词，且可省略。

I don’t like the way (that) he talks to me.

三、只用which不用that时情况

1、引导非限制性定语从句时：Bruce went toward the fire, which was still smoking.

2、先行词在从句中作介词的宾语且介词前置。

This is the house in which Lu Xun lived.

3、先行词本身是that时：What’s that which flashed in the sky just now?

4、先行词后有插入语时，

Here is the English grammar book which, as I’ve told you, will help improve your English.

5、which 用作表语，指人时，一般指从事某种职业或是有某种特性、品质或才能的人。

He is an engineer, which I am not。

关系代as：在限制性定语从句中用在such, the same, as, so之后，as引导的定语从句常采用省略形式。

I have the same book as you（have）. Take as many as you want.

Here is so big a stone as no man can lift. This is such a book as was given to me.

四、关系代词的省略情况

1、关系代在从句中作宾语时。

Have you received the book (that) I sent you last week?

2、关系代词在从句中作表语时。

Mary is no longer the girl (that) she used to be.

3、关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语，而这个介词又在句末时。

This is the artist (whom) I spoke to you about.

注意：关系代词的省略是指在限制性定语从句中，在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词不能省略。

五、带介词的定语从句

1、固定词组，介词置于后，关系代词使用灵活。

This is the child (whom / who/ that) she is looking after.

2、非固定词组，介词位置灵活，关系代词使用严格。

The man (whom/ who/ that) I spoke to is a friend of mine.

The man to whom I spoke is a friend of mine.

3、介词词组（关系代词远离先行词）

In front of, on top of ,at the foot of, with the help of, as a result of.

We stand in a building in front of which stands a lab.

We arrived at a hill, on top of which stood a tower.

4、代词/数词+of +关系代词

He has written many books, most of which are for children.

We have many students, two of whom have won prizes of international competitions.

5、介词+关系代词+代词/数词：He has written many books, of which most are in Chinese.

6、介词+whose 修饰后面的名词：He is the very man in whose pocket I found my lost money.

六、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别

限制性定语从句对先行词起限制确定作用。如果没有它，主句的意思就不完整，这种定语从句和主句的关系十分密切，不可用逗号隔开，在口语中前后没有停顿。

He is the man whose father died last week.

That is the reason why I didn’t open the door.

非限制性定语从句与主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词起描述或补充说明的作用，省略后也不影响全某某的意思，非限制性定语从句可以修饰名词、代词、短语、主句的一部分或全某某，它和主句之间常用逗号隔开，朗读时前后有停顿。

I live in Beijing where my parents worked ten years ago.

His sister, who works in WuHan, is coming to see him tomorrow.

七、as 引导非限制性定语从句与which 的区别

1、用于非限制性定语从句时，可以指代整个主句的内容，as 和which 可以换用。

He left her, as/ which was strange.

2、as 引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容，从句可置于句首，句中和句尾。

As everyone knows, Tom is good at English.

The earth, as we know, moves round the sun.

3、非限制性定语从句中谓语为被动时，常用as 作主语。

as is said/ known/ announced/ reported/ mentioned/ expected/ disused等。

As is known to all, Taiwan is part of China.

4、as引导非限制性定语从句，有“正如”的含义，因此，下列句式中多用as:

as has been said above as anybody can see as we had expected as (it) appears

Things are not always as they appear.

5、which 引导非限制定语从句，指代整个主句的内容，从句只能置于句尾。

The decision was postponed, which was exactly what he wanted.

6、which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句中的一个词（先行词）从句置于先行词后，可在句中或句尾。

The football match, which I w 内容过长，仅展示头部和尾部部分文字预览，全文请查看图片预览。 was that; that

C． when it was that; when D． when was it that; that

4.（英语卷·2014届**_*学高三模拟考试（5月））The course about Chinese food attracts over 100 students per year, _______ up to half are from overseas.

A． in which B．of whom C． with which D． for whom

5.（英语卷·2014届**_*高三模拟考试）International situation is currently undergoing great changes ________ UNESCO plays an irreplaceable role in promoting international cooperation.

A. which B. what C. where D. that

[文章尾部最后500字内容到此结束,中间部分内容请查看底下的图片预览]

以上为《人教版2016届高三一轮英语复习资料 定语从句 讲 学生版》的无排版文字预览，完整格式请下载

下载前请仔细阅读上面文字预览以及下方图片预览。图片预览是什么样的，下载的文档就是什么样的。