定语从句

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定语从句定语从句概念:修饰名词或代词的句子. (Attributive clause)Mary is a beautiful girl.Mary is a girl who has long hair.形容词作定语句子作定语,修饰girl, 叫做定语从句Mary is a girl.Mary has long hair.合并为一个句子Mary is a girl who has long hair.先行词关系词定语从句Mary is a girl who has long hair.关系代词关系副词which, who, whom, whose, that，asWhere, when，why,引导定语从句的关系词指代人

指代事物

所属关系

指地点

指时间

指原因 who，whom，that

which，that

whose，of which/whom

where

when

why关系代词关系副词关系词作用

1.代替先行词;

２.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分;

3. 同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句.（把主句和从句连起来）

? The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling.? The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face. The boy who is smiling is Tom.

(主语)The boy who has a round face is Tom.? The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me.The boy who sits in front of me is Tom. 先行词是人时：who / that 作主语. (不能省)This is the film star.

The film star is very popular in China.This is the film star who is very popular in China. (作主语)/ thatThe boy who broke the window is called Roy.

Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting yesterday?

The girl who is watering the flowers is my cousin.The man is a famous writer.

He described the man just now.The man ( who/ whom/ that ) he described just now is a famous writer. (作宾语）先行词是人：who / whom / that 作宾语：

( 可省略)The boy who(m) I ‘m looking for is my friend.

The thief has been sent to prison.

The police caught the thief last night.

The thief whom/that/who the police caught last night has been sent to prison.关系代词that, which引导的定语从句:

如果先行词是表示物的名词或代词，

关系代词应用that、which. (作主语或宾语)This is a dream.

The dream will never come true.This is a dream which/that will never come true.The dog has been found.

The dog was lost.The dog which was lost has been found.which / that 作主语. (不能省)It’s an invention which /that is used for keeping off the rain .

代替invention作主语先行词是物：

that和which

It’s an animal that/which….It’s an animal that / which has big nose.which / that 作宾语 ： （可省略）This is the card.

I’ve just received the card.This is the card which / that I’ve just received.( ) 《飘》This is the book (which/that ) I mentioned in the letter. 代替book作mention的宾语，可以省略。Gone with the windPractise:

This is the mistake which /that I always make.

I still keep the letters which she wrote to me.

I lost the pen which my father bought me.小结

that－ 既可指人，也可指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。

which－指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略.

who－ 指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略,（常用whom）

定语从句三步：

第一找出先行词；

第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；

第三选择合适的关系词。1.Thank you for the good advice ___you've given us.

2.The lesson_____________ we studied yesterday was hard to understand.

3.You can take the book________ interests you best.

4.The old gentleman _______you met at the school gate is an engineer.

5.The girl________ you saw at the meeting is a well-known swimmer.

6.We should learn from those _____think little for themselves but much for others.有时只能用 that , 不用 which, 常见的情况有六种：当先行词是 all, any, few, little, none,

anything, everything, nothing 或被它们修饰时。

That’s all that I know.

Is there anything that I can do for you?

He answered few questions that the teacher asked.2. 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时

That is the most interesting book that I have ever read.

The first thing that I should do is to review my lessons.

3. 当先行词有the very, the only, the same等修饰时。

That’s the only thing that I can do now.

These are the very words that he used.

4. 当主句以 who 或 which开头时，定语从句的关系词用 that, 而不用 which 或 who.

Who is the girl that spoke to you just now?

Which is the pen that you lost ?5. 先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用that.

The man and his dog that I always meet are standing by the gate.只能使用which的情况。

1、非限制性定语从句中。

eg. Mary has a book, which is very precious.

2、在介词之后。

eg. This is a house in which lives an old man.

3、当主句中的主语被that修饰时。

eg. That dog which I found in the street belongs to Mary.whose 是代词的所有格形式, 它既可以代人也可以代物。 Please show me the book .

Its cover is red.

Please show me the book whose cover is red.I saw a woman . Her bag was stolen .

I saw a woman whose bag was stolen. I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解I know the girl.The girl’s mother is a teacher.作定语Exercise 1 :用关系代词填空The boy ____________ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.

The e-mail ___________ I received yesterday was from my sister.

I hate people ______________ talk much but do little.

The car _____________ my father bought last month is very beautiful.who / thatwhich/ thatwho / thatwhich / that5. The man ______ hair is white is his grandfather.

6. Is there a student _________ father is a business man?

7. This is the house in ________ we have lived for 10 years.

8.I’ve never heard of the people and things ________ you talked about just now.whosewhosewhich that当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.Exercise 2. My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things ______ they couldn’t remember.

Say all ________ you know.

Is there anything ______ I can do for you?thatthatthat当先行词是something, anything, nothing, all 等词时，关系代词只能用that.4.This is the first play ________ I have seen since I came here.

5. This is the best novel _______ I have read.thatthat当先行词被序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.6.Who is the girl _______is standing under the tree?

7. Which is the machine ____ we used last Sunday.当主句是who或which 引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.thatthatPracticeThis is the best film _______I’ve seen.

That is just the coat ______color is red.

I still remember the schools and boys ______I met there.

The people _____ I work with are all friendly and polite.

I saw some trees ____ leaves were black because of the polluted air.

English is a language _____ is easy to learn. (that)whose(that)单句改错This is the longest train which I have ever seen.

The radio set which I bought it last week has gone wrong.

The man caused the accident was very careless.

Those who wants to watch the football match put up your hands.

Everything?which?we?saw?was?of?great?interest.

关系副词：

when/ where/why when 作时间状语:

She will never forget the day.

She was married on that day.She will never forget the day when (=on which)

she was married.It was the year.

The World War I broke out in the year.It was the year when (= in which) the World War I broke out.When = 介词 + which I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.

I’ll never forget the day when I joined the army.where 作地点状语I want to know the place.

I was born there.I want to know the place where (= in which) I was born.The table where (= at which ) she is sitting is a new one.where = 介词 + whichThis is the place where we had a good time.

The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.

This is the house where I lived two years ago.why 作原因状语, 其先行词常常是the reason.That is the reason why(= for which) I’m late.I know the reason why he said it.why = for whichI don’t know the reason why he won’t join us.

Do you know the reason why he didn’t come to sweep the classroom?

That is the reason why I did the job. when, where, why 与that,　w 内容过长，仅展示头部和尾部部分文字预览，全文请查看图片预览。 Is this the room ____ we lived before?

3. This is the garden ____ they stayed for a night.

4. This is the garden ____ they visited last time.

5. Tom has forgotten the day ____ he left his home.

6. Tom has forgotten the day ____ I told him.

7. She still remembers the year ____ she found her first job.

8. She still remembers the year ____ she spent in Jining.thatwherewherethatwhenthatwhenthatThank you!Bye-bye[文章尾部最后500字内容到此结束,中间部分内容请查看底下的图片预览]

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