unit 4 attributive wyc
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Unit 4
Grammar
Harry Potter
a boy with glasses
a boy who is brave and wearing glasses
a brave boy
Attributive Clause
(adj)
(介词短语)
(从句)
Who are you??
Who are you??
Who are you??
Who are you??
I am an astronaut.
An astronaut is a person.
He works and travels in space.
An astronaut is a person . He works and travels in space.
who
How did you come here??
How did you come here??
How did you come here??
How did you come here??
Spacecraft is a vehicle _________ can travel in space.
I was sent into the sky by a spacecraft.
Spacecraft is a vehicle（运载工具）.
It can travel in space.
that / which
When did you come here??
When did you come here??
When did you come here??
When did you come here??
I came here on September 25 , 2008.
It was the day _______ I was sent into the sky
when
Where do you work and live??
Where do you work and live??
Where do you work and live??
Where do you work and live??
space capsule(太空舱)
I work and live in a space capsule.
It is a place _______ a spaceman works and lives.
where
Summary
1. An astronaut is a person who works and travels in space.
2. Spacecraft is a vehicle that/ which can travel in space.
3. Space capsule is a place where a spaceman works.
4. 25th September. 2008 was the day
when Zhai Zhigang was sent into the sky
Attributive Clause
定语从句
Definition (定义)
1. An astronaut is a person who works and travels in space.
先行词
关系词
Attributive Clause定语从句
主句
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。它在句中相当于一个形容词，起“定语”的作用，修饰名词、代词或主句全部内容；
注意：1.通常在被修饰的词语(即“先行词”)之后，
2.由“关系词”引导。
The girl who is tall is my friend.
The house which is large is mine.
先行词
先行词
关系词
关系词
关系词的功能
连接主从句和引导定语从句．
代替先行词的意义，因此失去自身的原来意义．
代替先行词在从句中充当一定成分：
主语，宾语，表语，定语或状语
2. Spacecraft is a vehicle that/ which can travel in space.
3. Space capsule is a place where a spaceman works.
1. An astronaut is a person who works and travels in space.
The man who visited our school is from Canada.
The man who taught us is Mr. Wang.
She is a kind girl who always cares about others.
The boy who is talking is Tom.
正说话的男孩是Tom.
教我们的人是王老师.
她是一个总是关心他人的善良女孩.
参观我们学校的人来自加拿大.
who指人
These are the trees which were planted last year.
A plane is a machine which can fly.
Here is the pen which you lost yesterday.
The bike which you are riding is mine.
飞机是一种能飞的机器.
这些就是去年种的树.
这就是你昨天丢的钢笔.
你正骑的自行车是我的.
which 指物
The boy who is talking is Tom.
The man who visited our school is from Canada.
These are the trees which were planted last year.
The bike which you are riding is mine.
that
that
that
that
that 既可指人，也可指物
Zhang Heng is the scientist.
He made the earliest seismograph in132
Zhang Heng is the scientist who/that made the earliest seismograph in 132.
that /who 代替scientist (人)在定语从句中做主语。
Titanic is the ship.
It sank after hitting an iceberg
Titanic is the ship which/that sank after hitting an iceberg.
that /which 代替ship (物)在定语从句中做主语。
Beijing is the city
It hosted the 2008 Olympic Games
Beijing is the city that/which hosted the 2008 Olympic Games.
that /which 代替city (物)在定语从句中做主语。
This is the book whose cover is blue.
The car whose color is red is hers.
This is the girl whose family is in the northeast.
The boy whose mother works here is Tom.
这就是那个家在东北的女孩.
这就是那本封面为蓝色的书.
其母亲在此工作的那个男孩是Tom.
红色的那辆车是她的.
whose 可指人,可指物；其后必接一名词
The man ( ) I talked to just now is Mr. Li.
The girl ( ) I met is Lucy.
Do you know the man ( ) I met just now?
我遇见的那个女孩是Lucy.
我刚才与之谈话的人是李老师.
你认识我刚才遇见的那个人吗?
whom指人,在从句中只作宾语,可省略
whom/who
whom/who
whom/who
人
人
人或物
人或物
物
主语，宾语
宾语
主语,宾语
主语,宾语
定语(先行词的)
关系代词
Practice
1. I have a friend.
My friend likes listening to classical music.
I have a friend who/that likes listening to classical music .
2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress.
I gave her the new dress.
Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress (that/which) I gave her.
当that, which, whom (who)在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略．
Practice
3. The man used to be a football player.
His leg broke in a match.
The man whose leg broke in a match used to be a football player.
The man the leg of whom/ of whom the leg broke in a match used to be a football player.
the man’s leg = whose leg
the man’s leg = the leg of the man
whose leg= the leg of whom=of whom the leg
whose 相当于the man’s
whose =先行词’s（先行词的）
= of whom +the +n (代人）
4. Last night I saw a touching movie
Its name is Titanic.
Last night I saw a touching movie whose name is Titanic.
Last night I saw a touching movie of which the name /the name of which is Titanic..
the movie’s = whose
the movie’s name = whose name
the movie’s name = the name of the movie
whose name= the name of which = of which the name
whose 代替先行词在定语从句中做定语相当于the movie’s 。
whose =先行词’s
= of which +the +n (代物）
1) There are 100 teachers in our school, __________
60 are women teachers.
2) He has three children, two ___________ work as
teachers.
3) That table has four legs, all _____________ are
very short.
4) I’m painting a house, the roof _____________ is
round.
I’m painting a house whose roof is...
5) They live in a house ,_________ windows face
south.
They live in a house, the windows_____
_________ face south.
of whom
of whom
of which
of which
whose
of which
I’ve read all the books _____ you lent me.
This is the first book _____ he has read.
This is the very book _____ belongs to him.
I’m sure there is nothing _____ you can borrow.
that
that
that
that
(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。
(2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时。
Do you have anything that you don’t understand?
Please send us any information that you
have about the quake.
只用that不用which的情况
(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。
It is the most beautiful city that I’ve ever seen.
(4)先行词被the only, the last, the very(恰好，正是）修饰时。
This is the very book that belongs to him.
Who is the girl that drove the car? Where is the hotel that was on yesterday’s ad?
(6)以wh 开头的句子，为了避免重复，先行词不管是人还是物，只用that
(5)先行词既有人又有物时。
The famous writer and his works that the radio broadcast are popular to the students.
Her brother who is now a soldier always encourages her to go to college.
限定性定语从句对先行词起限制、确定的作用，是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就会不完整或不合逻辑。这种定语从句和主句之间不能用逗号隔开。
B. 非限定性定语从句 和主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词做附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍很清晰．常用逗号把主从句分开．
My sister, who is twenty, works in a bank.
非限制性定语从句中的注意：（考点）
1）该从句中关系代词不能省略
2）该从句关系代词不能用that
I like the same book as you (do).
I’ve never seen such a clever boy as he (is).
There are as many books as are needed.
as 可以引导定语从句，但常用于 the sameXXXXXas；so/suchXXXXXas ; as many as/ as much as固定结构中,
as在从句中 可翻译为：像XXXXX一样XXXXX；诸如XXXXX之类的。
as引导非限制性定语从句时，可以代主句的全部或部分内容。常表说话人关于说话的依据、态度、评论、看法等。有“正如、像”等意思。定语从句可以置主句句首、句中或句末。
which引导非限制性定语从句时,指代主句的全部或部分内容，常表事实、状态、起因等，有“这就使得、这一点”等意思，常置主句末。
As we all kno >>>>>>内容过长，仅展示头部和尾部部分文字预览，全文请查看图片预览。<<<<<< 是先行词不可缺少的定语
意义上
用 “，”与主句隔开
不用“，”与主句隔开
形式上
非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句
替代上
还可修饰整个主句或主句的一部分
只可以修饰先行词
He missed the show, which was a great pity.
She was awarded a gold medal, which the whole family considered a great honor.
She was very patient towards the children, which her husband seldom was.
He missed the show
She was awarded a gold medal,
very patient towards the
children
Do exercise 2 on P118[文章尾部最后500字内容到此结束,中间部分内容请查看底下的图片预览]
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