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Unit 3
The Million Pound
Bank-note
Samuel Langhorne Clemens
The water is 2 fathoms (12 feet)deep
November 30th,1835
Florida
Language points for Reading I
Language points for Reading II
Language points
1.Oliver believes that with a million pound bank note a man could survive a month in London.His brother Rockeric doubts it.
conj. 不做句子成分
vt. 怀疑
doubt+宾语从句
1. 如果主句是肯定句，用whether/if 引导从句。
I doubt if / whether he will pass the exam.
2. 如果主句是否定句或者疑问句，用that引导从句。
I don’t doubt that we will win the match.
Do you doubt that he did it all on his own?
1.我怀疑这篇文章是否是他写的。
2.我毫不怀疑他就是小偷。
3.你怀疑她已经知道真相了么？
I doubt whether the article was written by him.
I don't doubt that he is the thief.
Do you doubt that she has already known the truth?
At this moment, they see a penniless young man wandering on the pavement outside their house.
We can hear a girl singing in the KTV.
感官动词
补语，现在分词表示正在进行。
宾语
We noticed that people waiting in long line outside the Apple strore.
2.It is Henry Adams, an American businessman , who is lost in London and does not know what he should do.
sb be lost 迷路
连接代词
连接代词
conj. 连接两个句子
pron. 做do的宾语
3.I wonder，Mr Adams, if you'd mind us asking a few questions.
动名词复合结构，asking的逻辑主语是us,也可以用our。
Do you mind him/his smoking here?
Does she mind me/my turning on the TV?
宾语从句
4.May we ask what you are doing in the country and what your plans are?
宾语从句，做宾语
宾语从句，作表语
5.I can't say that I have any plans.
6.His eys stare at what is left of the brothers' dinner table.
宾语从句，做主语
Towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.
动词
宾语
宾补
find oneself+宾补 表示出乎意料的情况
When he woke up, he found himself lying in the hospital.
When he walked into an alley, he found himself surrounded by a group of boys.
7.I didn't know whether I could survive until morning.
连词，不做成分。if
I'd just about given myself up for (being)lost when I was spotted by a ship.
and just at the time. 就在这时.. 突然..
She was about to go out when someone knocked the door.
He was still sleeping when the door opened and his wife came in.
就在她正在吃午饭的时候，一位朋友来看她。
She was eating lunch when her friend visited her.
认为某人没有生还的希望
The fact is that I earned passage by working as an unpaid hand, which accounts for my appearance.
表语从句
9.If you don't mind, may I ask you how much money you have.
宾语从句从句中需要用陈述语序。如果疑问词在句中做的成分是主语，不需要改变语序。
你知道足球比赛什么时候开始么？
Do you know when the football game will start?
Can?you?tell?me?______????
A.?what is?the?matter?with?him?????????
B.?what?the?matter?with?him?is??
C.?what?happened?with?him?????????????
D.?what?with?him?happened
A
10.I don't think it is funny.
在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词之后的宾语从句中，如果从句谓语是否定含义,将主句谓语动词think等变为否定形式.
她认为明天不会下雨
状语从句中，用一般现在时代替将来时。will-情态动词，表示委婉语气。
我到了那里，就写信给你。
11.Now if you'll excuse me,I think (that)I'll be on my way.
I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there.
she doesn't think it will rain tomorrow.
12.You mustn't think (that) we don't care about you.
13.We know (that) you are hard-working.
That is why we've given you the letter.
14.Why don't you explain what this is all about?
James, show Mr Adams out.
你介意我把TOM领进来么？
Do you mind me/my showing Tom in？
Take his gentleman's order. 订单
order:v. 命令，下达指示
Williams ordered him to leave. 威廉命令他离开。
in order to 为了
Most schools are extremely unwilling to cut down on staff in order to cut costs.
n.顺序 序列 Make a list of what you have to do, and put them in order with the most important at the top.
n.秩序 She had trouble keeping her sons in order．
We'll see if he's clever as a wolf? 宾语从句
It is well-known that Americans like to eat a lot.
形式主语
conj 不做成分
主语
What is there to wait for?
There is what to wait for?
It is amazing how much pleasure you get out of the simple things in life.
形式主语
动词
宾语
from
It is good for your health that you have a walk after supper.
I did hear that the Bank of England had issued two notes in this amount.
助动词，对谓语加强语气。根据不同时态，助动词可以用did do does。
It is all I have on me. with
that
不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all等作先行词时，关系代词只用that，不用which。关系代词在从句中做宾语可省略，其他如表语，主语则不能省。
I hope you'll come here whenever you like.
引导让步状语从句=no matter when
You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like.
no matter what/which/who只能引导状语从句
whatever/whoever/whichever可以引导状语从句和名词性从句。
Prisoners have to eat ______ they're given.
__________ you say is of no use now.
whatever
whatever
8. manner 作单数名词，表示“方法，方式，态度，举止，风格”；如果表示“用XXXXXXXXXX方式”，manner前要用介词in不用with
In true scientific manner, he liked to put ideas to the test.
作复数名词，即manners，表示“礼貌，规矩，风俗，习惯”
Your son has good manners.
常用的几个复合形容词：well-mannered 有礼貌的，ill-mannered 没礼貌的，rough-mannered 粗鲁的
The Object Clause
e.g.
I think (that) women can reach very
high achievements in many fields of science.
2) I wonder whether/if she remembered how
many babies she had delivered.
3) Do you know who/whom Jack was speaking to?
4) He asked whose car it was.
5) Pay attention to what the doctor said.
6) Please tell me when the earthquake took place.
7) Will you tell me how I can keep fit and healthy?
宾语从句
1 作动词宾语。
May I ask what you are doing in this country and what your plans are?
(1)大部分宾语从句直接跟在动词后：
e.g. He doesn't know where the post office is.
(2)有些宾语从句前要有间接宾语：
e.g. He told me what I should read．
引导宾语从句的连接词一般都可以省去，但是当及物动词后跟两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可以省略。
The teacher said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart.
在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词之后的宾语从句中，如果从句谓语是否定含义，则不用否定形式,而将主句谓语动词think等变为否定形式;
e.g. I don’t think you are right．
我想你是不对的。
2 作介词宾语。
eg: He will talk to us about what he heard in the US.
(1)一般情况下，宾语从句直接跟在谓语后;
e.g. Did she say anything about how we should do the work?
(2) that引导的宾语从句只有在except, in, but, besides等少数介词后偶尔可能用到;
e.g. Your article is all right except that it is too long．
His eyes stare at what is left of the brothers' dinner on the table.
3.表示“是否”的if不能引导介词的宾语从句，要用whether
We are talking about whether you should do it.
4. whether 和if 基本可以互换，但在正式文体中，从句中有or not时，只用whether，不用if。
I wonder whether it is right or not.
5. 若有补语，则宾语从句要放到补语之后，在宾补前用形式宾语it
He doesn’t want it to be known that he is going aboard.
6.表示“怀疑”的动词doubt后接宾语从句：如果主句为肯定句时，宾语从句用whether或if 引导，如果主句为否定句或疑问句式，宾语从句常用that引导。如：
I doubt whether /if he will come.
I don’t doubt that he will come
表语从句
1. be, seem, look 等系动词后可接表语从句。如：
The question was who could go there.
His idea seems that we can get more persons to help us.
2. 在正规语言中，reason作主语是，后面的表语从句要用that引导，最好不用because。如:
The reason for my absence was that I was ill.
3. 在非正式文体中，引导表语从句的that可以省略。
The trouble is （that）he is ill.
3. what, which, who, whom, whose引导的表语从句
连接代词what,which,who,whom,whose除在句子中起连接作用外，还可在从句中从当主语、表语、定语，且各有各的词义。
e.g. Tom is no longer what he used to be.
The question is which of us should come first.
The problem is who is really fit for the hard job.
The important thing is whose name should be put on the top of the list.
The Predicative Clause
that 引导的表语从句
that 仅起连接作用，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，通常不可省略。这种从句往往是对主句主语的内容起进一步解释的作用。
e.g. The chance is that one smoker in four will die from smoking.
2. whether 引导的表语从句
连接词wh >>>>>>内容过长，仅展示头部和尾部部分文字预览，全文请查看图片预览。<<<<<<
3. 大量的
4. 前进，往下说
5. 事实上
6. 偶然，无意中
make a bet on sth / thatXXXXX
do with / deal with
a large amount of
go ahead
as a matter of fact
by accident / chance
3.Perseverance is a kind of quality and that’s _______ it takes to do anything well.
( 2002**_*
A. what B. that C. which D. why
解析:what在表语从句中作takes的宾语,构成"It takes sth. to do sth."的句型。答案为A。
A[文章尾部最后500字内容到此结束,中间部分内容请查看底下的图片预览]
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